Endocrine Abstracts

In human prostate, Oestrogen receptor α (ERα) expression in the epithelium increases with tumour Grade and promotes proliferation involving classical genomic and rapid non-genomic signalling, as well as transcription regulation of non-coding RNA. Similarly, in the tumour stroma there is up-regulation of ERα, corresponding with declining AR, resulting in a higher ratio of ERα:AR with increasing Grade. Additionally, in prostate cancer-associated fibroblasts (...

Introduction: Prostate cancer is hormone dependent and regulated by a balance of androgens as well as estrogens. Regulatory control is also exerted by the tumor microenvironment including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and immune cells. Although patient derived xenografts (PDX) commonly used to study the functional effects of CAFs, the method is not quantitative, is lengthy, technically challenging and the xenografts are placed in immune suppressed hosts excluding immun...